The Crown Circuit: Monarchy, Watchers, and the Human Time Machine

When we talk about power today, we almost always default to the wrong shape. We imagine pyramids: chains of command, top‑down hierarchies, a Don at the top and soldiers beneath, authority flowing downward like gravity. That model feels intuitive, but it fails to capture how durable power actually operates in complex societies. Pyramids describe management. They do not describe sovereignty. The older model is not … Continue reading The Crown Circuit: Monarchy, Watchers, and the Human Time Machine

Gold, Purple, and Wind: Reading the Catalan Atlas

The Catalan Atlas is conventionally classified as one of the great achievements of medieval cartography, yet this designation significantly understates both its function and its intellectual ambition. The Atlas is neither a neutral geographic representation nor a purely navigational instrument intended solely for maritime use. Rather, it operates as a synthetic visual schema: a deliberately compressed articulation of political authority, juridical legitimacy, technological capability, and patterns of economic … Continue reading Gold, Purple, and Wind: Reading the Catalan Atlas